Many traffic stops Tokyo with the snow coverage of 5 cm.
This is a big problem for a weatherman.
This problem carries out the statistical work of the relative humidity etc. .
I think that Japan is imitating your country USA.
If wet-bulb temperature is used in USA, I have to apologize.
I do not understand the reason for having chosen relative humidity in Japan.
Probably, the people ,who observed wet-bulb temperature, insist.
We shall investigate wet-bulb temperature to judge whether it snows.
It is because a snowflake does not melt if wet-bulb temperature is 0 ℃.
But, no one has insisted this way.
Wet-bulb temperature is taught at the university which studies the weather.
However, all the students and professors forget the wet-bulb temperature.
This is strange.
Education is stiff.
You will get the relation between equivalent-potential temperature and wet-bulb temperature using a principle of conservation of energy.
1. Wet-bulb Temperature
They are the thermometers which confirm whether steam pressure is measured correctly.
It should assume that it has two thermometers, A and B.
A is an ordinary thermometer and the sensor of B is damp.
Let's compare the air near A and B.
The relative humidity of the air very near B is 100%.
When the relative humidity of A is not 100%, the temperature of A is higher than the temperature of B.
The specific energy of air which A and B are same.
Energies are the enthalpy of dry air, and the latent heat of vapor.
The temperature of B is wet-bulb temperature.
The following thing is a fact.
When A shows plus 3 ℃ and B shows 0 ℃, the ice of a puddle does not melt.
You will admit that raindrops and a snowflake are the same as the sensor of B.
You will judge that a snowflake does not melt, when wet-bulb temperature shows 0 ℃.
And your judgment is right.
2. Emagram by potential temperature & Ｗet-bulb temperature.
Emagram by potential temperature is convenient to see the thickness of the damp layer.
When SEPT(saturation equivalent potential temperature）and EPT(equivalent-potential temperature） have the same value.
Relative humidity is 100%.
Let's see the situation of 21:00 on July 21 and 2006 Tateno.
Tateno is an upper air observation nearest to Tokyo.
The upper graph is Tateno's data at 21:00 on July 21, 2006.
A: 700～1500m ,wet-bulb temperature is 16 ℃.
B: 1000～1500m, relative humidity is about 100%.
I think that the layers of B are clouds.
At 100% of humidity, it becomes wet-bulb temperature = dew point temperature = temperature.
The temperatures of 1000～1500 m are almost same values.
The same values are a cause of the raindrops whose temperature is 16 ℃.
The air of high equivalent-potential temperature seem to creep up sky.
It is raining by the structure of a warm front.
The ground is cooling with 16 ℃ raindrops.
And warm front structure continues.
It brings a long time raining and a result which temperature does not go up.
The wind of cold northeast blows on the ground, this phenomenon is called 北東気流.
The observation fact says the cause of cold is raindrops.
A northeast wind is not a cause but a result.
北東：Northeast 気流：Air curren
3. Snowy Weather
In Tokyo, it snowed on February 03, 2008.
The θof graph is follow.
It calculates as Cpθ=CpT+mg etc. You will get to know the reason for using such θ in a month or so.
Tateno 21:00 on February 02, 2008
Observation
0～500m：Wet-bulb temperature is about 0 ℃.
1200～1500m：Relative humidity is about 100%. I think that the low cloud has spread.
Near the ground is dried.
Although it may be snowing, probably, it is not raining.
Tateno 09:00 on February 03, 2008
Observation
I judge that the damp warmth which is high up in the sky is showering on snow.
Moreover, I judge.
It does not stop snowing from thick moisture and the wet-bulb temperature of 0 ℃ or less.
And snow does not change to rain.
The party of a mushroom is marching in a light rain.
I am going to the buckwheat noodle shop for Sake and Tempura.
4. Wet-bulb Temperature and Equivalent Potential Temperature.
The next figure is an image of a wet-bulb thermometer.
T:Temperature
Td:Dew point temperature
E(Td)＆E（Tw)：Water vapor pressure
Tw:Wet-bulb temperature
The principle of conservation of energy of wet-bulb temperature is as follows.
CpTw+Le(Tw)/P=CpT+Le(Td)/P (4-1)
θe defined by the principle of conservation of energy was as follows.
Cpθe+mgz1000=CpT(Z)+mgZ+Le (Z) /P (Z) (4-2)
The z1000 is height at 1000hPa.
We add potential energy to (4-1).
CpT+Le(Td)/P+mgZ = CpTw+Le(Tw)/P+mgZ (4-3)
Since e (Td) is the water vapor pressure of height Z, it can calculate equivalent-potential temperature from the left side.
The following thing is due to be explained from now on.
The potential temperature and equivalent-potential temperature of a strange form define z1000=0.
(4-2) is as follows.
Cpθe= CpT+Le(Td)/P+mgZ=CpTw+mgZ+Le (Tw) /P
Cpθe= CpTw+mgZ+Le (Tw) /P (4-5)
(4-5) is very important and is interpreted as follows.
The temperature is wet-bulb temperature when relative humidity is made 100%, without changing value of equivalent-potential temperature.
Moreover, equivalent-potential temperature when it assumed that relative humidity became 100% was saturation equivalent-potential temperature.
It arranges by next fig.
飽和相当温位
θe*:si湿度を100％と仮定した相当温位
Saturation equivalent-potential temperature
θe*: Equivalent-potential temperature which assumed humidity to be 100%
湿球温度
Tx：相当温位は変えず湿度を100％とした時の温度
Wet-bulb Temperature
x: Temperature when humidity is made into 100%.AND Conditions do not change equivalent potential temperature.
Nobody taught me the relation between equivalent-potential temperature and wet-bulb temperature.
*********
Sorry.My Poor English.
Where was the hydrogen which exploded?
The following news is Sankei(産経新聞：A famous
Japanese newspaper) news on the Internet which reports explosion of the first
nuclear power plant.
http://sankei.jp.msn.com/affairs/news/110312/dst11031217210251-no1.htm
福島第１原発で爆発 ４人けが 水素ガスの爆発か
2011.3.12 17:28
東京電力は１２日、福島第１原発１号機建屋で爆発があり４人がけがをしたことを明らかにした。福島県富岡町には、「冷却用の水素ガスの爆発があったとみられる。詳しくは調査中」と連絡があったという。
現地にハイパーレスキュー隊が向かった。
福島県などによると、福島第１原発１号機周辺で大きな揺れの後、爆発があり、原子炉内建屋の天井が建屋内に崩落したとの情報があるという。
*TEPCO: Tokyo Electric Power Co.,Inc.
It explodes in the 1st
nuclear power plant of Fukushima.
Four-person injury Explosion of
hydrogen gas?
2011.3.12 17:28
TEPCO showed clearly that there is explosion in the
1st nuclear power plant building of No. 1 of Fukushima, and four persons were
injured on the 12th.
It is said that Tomioka-cho, Fukushima had the next connection.
"It is concluded that there was explosion of hydrogen gas for
cooling.
Things are under investigation in detail.”
The rescue team went to
spot.
According to Fukushima
Prefecture etc., there is explosion after a big shake around the 1st nuclear
power plant of No. 1 of Fukushima, and it is said that there is information
that the ceiling of the building in a nuclear reactor crashed into the
building.
Hydrogen is used in order to cool the turbine which turns a
dynamo.
At about 5000 hPa, the pressure of hydrogen causes a gas leak
frequently.
For example, the fire with which the crane installed in the
ceiling burns broke out.
A fire generates a nuclear power plant frequently.
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry has released the
report about a fire.
The report is said as follows.
Combustibles are absolutely none and carrying in is also severely
checked by the nuclear power plant.
It is a lie clearly.
You should use the turbine cooled with water.
Hydrogen is not only this.
The nuclear power plant has the equipment into which hydrogen is
put in the pressure vessel.
Hydrogen is put into the pressure vessel under operation.
The pressure of a pressure vessel is about 70 atmospheres in
7MPa=70000hPa=7 000000Pa.
It is as the same as one
person with a weight of about 70 tons rode per a square meter of roof.
If it is a roof (10 m x 10 m), 100 people with a weight of 700
tons will ride.
A building will collapse in an instant, if such people take the
roof of a nuclear power plant.
This hydrogen can explain that explosions.
The nuclear power plant has such hydrogen.
I do not know whether the
nuclear power plant of your country USA has it.
Radioactivity was greatly thrown away from 2011.3.15.
For example, 15 is on March 15.
The unit of radioactivity is muSv/hour.
Explosion of No. 1 and No. 3 could check easily on the Internet.
Compared with two explosions, it is extraordinary.
I cannot
understand , much radioactivity was
thrown away for two explosions.
What happened on March 15?
Explosion took place by No. 4 which had not operated around 6:00
a.m.
Usually, a disposal pipe throws away a light radioactive material with
short half-lives into the atmosphere.
Please visit the following address.
http://photos.oregonlive.com/photo-essay/2011/03/fukushima_dai-ichi_aerials.html
And please see the photograph of 6of12.
One pipe has separated.
What it separated from is a pipe which connects No. 3 and a disposal pipe.
Another pipe is connected with No. 4.
I judge that the radioactive material was directly thrown away from
the detached pipe.
It is an act which should be said also for a 裏 vent.
*裏 vent: The illegal vent which only a specialist understands.裏means Buck.
Is 裏 vent the Buck vent?
Probably, the 裏
vent should be accepted as an urgent act.
But, it is not allowed to hide.
TEPCO hide what the pipe separated from it.
I think that the Economy, Trade and Industry,
and the Nuclear regulatory agency and the Nuclear Regulation Authority have also
hidden.
They are the specialists in economy or electricity or so and are
not the specialists in an accident.
The first safety measures they did were making a hole in the
building which should shut up radioactivity.
They are incompetent and
blithering nitwit that by The Giant Peach.
They are not interested in the following two questions about the
accident of a nuclear power plant.
1st.What kind of things happened ?
2nd.What kind of things may happen?
They are not the specialists who protect Japan.
The specialist who protects Japan is not involved in atomic power.
The leader of the small opposition party had said in the election with change of power.
Let's have radioactive waste managed in foreign countries.
This means dumping Japanese garbage at a foreign country.
It is the same view as the following proposals.
We will throw away radioactive waste into the Pacific Ocean.
We will bury to Mongolian's great ground.
He will not understand the problem which the nuclear power plant has.
However, he knows that there is a problem in a nuclear power plant.
He became a spokesman of the cult.
Although he is one of my favorite politicians ...
I am sad.
Do you permit burying a used
nuclear fuel of Japan to Alaska?
I appreciate your patience.
Thanks your reading.
The fire has broken out in the spacecraft of Apollo program.
The cause of the fire was pure oxygen.
Pure oxygen will burn all things.
Pure oxygen is very dangerous gas.
The maximum (μSv/h) and its appearance time of each monitoring post
Place Maximum muSv/h Appearance time
MP-1 150 16:20 on March 13
MP-2 820 04:00 on March 14
MP-3 481 09:20 on March 14
MP-4 1557.5 13:52 on March 13
MP-5 6.9 12:46 on March 14
MP-6 4.2 12:34 on March 14
MP-7 1292 17:06 on March 21
MP-8 80 21:10 on March 12
administration
building 0.065 18:10 on March 11
office
main building north 5055 17:00
on March 18
Main gate 1932 18:30 on
March 21
Near the main gate 11930
09:00 on March 15
West gate 2434 12:15 on
March 15
Near a gymnasium
0.054 17:20 on March 11
Gymnasium side 752
17:03 on March 16
＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊
爆発した水素の正体とは？
次は産経新聞のネットニュースです。
http://sankei.jp.msn.com/affairs/news/110312/dst11031217210251-no1.htm
福島第１原発で爆発 ４人けが 水素ガスの爆発か
2011.3.12 17:28
東京電力は１２日、福島第１原発１号機建屋で爆発があり４人がけがをしたことを明らかにした。福島県富岡町には、「冷却用の水素ガスの爆発があったとみられる。詳しくは調査中」と連絡があったという。
現地にハイパーレスキュー隊が向かった。
福島県などによると、福島第１原発１号機周辺で大きな揺れの後、爆発があり、原子炉内建屋の天井が建屋内に崩落したとの情報があるという。
水素は発電機を回すタービンを冷やすために使われます。
水素の圧力は5000hPa程度で、たびたびガス漏れを起こします。
例えば天井に設置されたクレーンが燃える火災が発生しました。
原子力発電所は度々火災が発生します。
報告書は次のように言っています。
原子力発電所には可燃物は一切なく、持ち込みも厳重にチェックされている。
明らかにウソです。
水で冷やすタービンを使うべきです。
水素はこれだけではありません。
圧力容器ように水素を入れる設備もあります。
運転中の圧力容器に水素を入れます。
圧力容器の圧力は7MPa＝70000hPa＝7000000Paで70気圧程度です。
屋根1平方メートル当たりに体重約700トンの人が一人乗ったのと同じです。
10m×10mの屋根なら体重700トンの人たちが100人乗ることになります。
こうした人たちが、原子力発電所の屋上にのったら、建物は一瞬で潰れてしまうでしょう。
この水素はあの爆発を説明できます。
原子力発電所はこのような水素を持っています。
私はあなたの国USAの原子力発電所がそれを持っているか知りません。
放射能は2011.3.15から大きく捨てられました。
Fig.
インターネットで1号と3号の爆発はたやすく確認できるでしょう。
放射能は２つの爆発たちと比べて桁違いの多さです。
私は、２つの爆発たちで、たくさんの放射能が捨てられたと判断することができません。
3月15日に何があったでしょう？
午前6時頃、運転をしていなかった４号機で爆発が起こりました。
廃棄筒は普段、軽くて半減期の短い（？）放射性物質を大気中に捨てるものです。
次のアドレスを訪ねてください。そして6of12の写真を見て下さい。
パイプが外れています。パイプは廃棄筒に繋がるものです。
外れたパイプは3号機に繋がるものです。
一方は4号機に繋がるものです。
私は外れたパイプから直接に放射性物質が捨てられたと判断します。
裏ベントとでも言うべき行為です。
裏ventは緊急的な行為として認められるべきでしょう。
しかし、それを隠すのは許されません。
TEPCOはパイプが外れたことを隠しています。
経済産業省と原子力規制庁、原子力規制委員会も隠していると思います。
彼らは経済や電気の専門家で、事故の専門家ではありません。
彼らのやった最初の安全対策は、放射能を閉じ込めるはずの建物に穴を開けることでした。
それは彼らに能力が無いことを示しています。
彼らは原子力発電所の事故について次の２つの質問に興味がありません。
1番目、事故でどのような事が起こったのか？
2番目、事故でどのような事が起こりえるのか？
彼らは日本を守る専門家ではありません。
日本を守る専門家が係わっていません。
.
政権交代があった選挙で、小さな野党の党首が言っていました。
放射性廃棄物は他国で管理してもらいましょう。
これは、他国に日本のゴミ（凶器）を捨てることを意味します。
次の提案たちと同じ考え方です。
太平洋に放射性廃棄物を捨てよう。
モンゴルの偉大な大地に埋めよう。
彼は原子力がどのようなものか分かっていないのです。
彼はカルトの代弁者になりました。
彼は私の好きな政治家の一人ではあるのですが・・・
あなたはアラスカに日本の使用済の核燃料を埋めることを許可しますか？
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